The Most Merciful, Whose mercy encompasses everything.

The All-Powerful, Who experiences neither inability nor languish.

The King and Sovereign, Who is described with all the attributes of greatness and dominance, Who owns and directs everything.

The All-Hearing, Who hears every heard thing, the secret thereof and the revealed.

The Perfect, Who is free of every deficiency and defect.

The All-Seeing, Whose sight encompasses everything, regardless of how minute it is, Who has thorough knowledge of everything, the visible and the hidden thereof.

The Trustee, Who guarantees provision to His creation and manages their affairs in their best interests; the Ally of the believers, facilitating matters for them and protecting them.

The Creator, Who creates things and brings them into existence in an unprecedented manner.

The Subtle and Kind, Who honors His servants, shows mercy to them, and responds to their supplications.

The Sufficient, Who provides His servants with all their needs, and with Whose assistance there is no need for any help or anyone other than Him.

The All-Forgiving, Who protects His servants from the evil of their sins and spares them the punishment.

Allah Almighty says: {And establish prayer} [Ch. 2, Verse 110]

• Establishing prayer means performing prayer in the way prescribed by Allah and taught to us by His Messenger Muhammad (Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him).

Allah Almighty says: {and give Zakah} [Ch. 2, Verse 110]

• Allah (SWT) made the Zakah obligatory to test the Muslim’s faith, and as a way to express gratitude to his Lord for the wealth He has given him, and as a means to help the poor and needy.
• The obligation of Zakah is fulfilled by giving it to the categories of people who are eligible to receive it.
• Giving Zakah is obligatory on those whose saved resources have reached a certain level. Its eligible recipients are eight categories of people that are mentioned in the Noble Qur’an, including the poor and needy.
• Giving Zakah is an act of mercy and compassion; it purifies the Muslim’s character and wealth, consoles the poor and needy, and strengthens the bonds of love and brotherhood in the Muslim community. Therefore, a good Muslim gives out Zakah wholeheartedly both as a welcome duty and for the happiness he brings to other people by it.
• The amount of Zakah is 2.5% of the saved wealth, whether it is gold, silver, cash, or trade goods allocated for buying and selling for profit. Zakah is given only when the value of the saved wealth reaches the threshold amount and one full lunar year passed while it is in the person’s possession.
• Zakah is also obligatory on a certain amount of livestock such as camels, sheep, and goats if these animals graze naturally most of the year without their owner providing them with fodder.
• Zakah is also obligatory on what the land produces of grains, fruits, minerals, and treasure if a certain amount is reached.

Allah Almighty says: {O you who believe, enjoined upon you is fasting as it was enjoined upon those who came before you so that you may become righteous} [Ch. 2, Verse 110]

• Ramadan is the ninth month of the Hijri (Islamic) calendar. Muslims revere the month of Ramadan and give it a special place over all the other months of the year. Fasting the entire month of Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam.
• Fasting Ramadan means worshiping Allah by abstaining from eating, drinking, sexual intercourse, and other things that break the fast from dawn to sunset during all days of the blessed month of Ramadan.

Allah Almighty says:{And it is due from Allah upon people the pilgrimage to the House, for those who can make their way to it.}[Ch. 3, Verse 97]

• Hajj is obligatory upon those who can afford the journey, once in a lifetime. Hajj is to go to the Sacred House and holy precincts in Makkah to perform certain acts of worship at certain times. Prophet Muhammad (Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him) performed Hajj, and so did other prophets before him. Allah Almighty commanded Prophet Ibrāheem (Allah’s peace be upon him) to proclaim Hajj to people, as revealed in the noble Qur'an:{And proclaim to the people the Hajj [pilgrimage]; they will come to you on foot and every lean camel from every distant pass.}[Ch. 22, Verse 27]

Allah Almighty says: {Praise be to Allah, the Creator of the heavens and earth, who made the angels as messengers having wings; two or three or four. He increases in creation what He wills. Indeed, Allah is most capable of all things.} [Ch. 35, Verse 1]

• We believe that the angels are part of the unseen realm and that they are servants of Allah that He created from light, and made them obedient and submissive to Him.
• They are a great creation whose numbers and abilities are known to Allah alone. Each of them has names, traits, and duties that Allah assigned to them. One of them is Jibreel (Archangel Gabriel) who is assigned with delivering the revelation from Allah, the Exalted, to His messengers.

Allah Almighty says: {Say, “We have believed in Allah and what has been revealed to us and what was revealed to Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the Descendants, and what was given to Moses and Jesus and what was given to the prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and we are Muslims [in submission] to Him.”}[Ch. 2, Verse 136]

• The firm belief that all the divine Scriptures are the word of Allah,
• and that they were revealed from Allah to His messengers bearing the clear truth.
• We believe that Allah has sent His Prophet Muhammad (Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him) to all of mankind and abrogated, by his Shariah, all the past laws. The Qur'an supersedes all Divine Scriptures and abrogates them, and Allah guaranteed to protect it against any distortion or alteration; He says:{Indeed, it is We who sent down the Qur'an and it is We Who will be its guardian.}[Ch. 15, Verse 9]. This is because the Qur'an is the last revelation to mankind, and Muhammad (Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him) is the last Messenger, and Islam is the religion that Allah has approved for mankind until the Day of Judgment. Allah Almighty says: {Indeed, the religion in the sight of Allah is Islam} [Ch. 3, Verse 19]

The Divine Scriptures that Allah mentioned in the Qur’an are :

• 1 

  The Noble Qur'an: Allah revealed it to His Prophet Muhammad (Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him).

   

• 2 

  The Torah: which Allah revealed to His Prophet Moses (Allah’s peace be upon him).

   

• 3 

  The Gospel: which Allah revealed to His Prophet Jesus (Allah’s peace be upon him).

   

• 4 The Psalms: which Allah revealed to His Prophet David (Allah’s peace be upon him).
• 5 

  The Scrolls of Abraham: which Allah revealed to His Prophet Abraham (Allah’s peace be upon him).

   

   

Allah Almighty says: {And We certainly sent into every nation a messenger, [saying], “Worship Allah and shun false gods.”} [Ch. 16, Verse 36]

• We firmly believe that Allah sent a messenger to every nation to call them to worship Allah alone without associating any partners with Him, and disbelieving in any deity that is worshiped other than Him.
• We believe that all the messengers were humans, men, servants of Allah, honest and trusted, pious, guides (for their communities) and guided (by Allah) and that Allah supported them with miracles that prove their truthfulness. We believe that they conveyed all that Allah sent them with and that they were all upon the evident truth and guidance.
• Their messages from the first to the last of them shared the same principle of religion, which is to worship Allah alone without associating any partners with Him.

Allah Almighty says: {Allah - there is no deity except Him. He will surely gather you all for [account on] the Day of Resurrection, about which there is no doubt. Who is more truthful than Allah in speech?} [Ch. 4, Verse 87]

• The firm belief in all the details related to the Day of Judgment which our Lord mentions in the Qur'an or Prophet Muhammad (Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him) related to us, like the death of humans, resurrection, intercession, the scale (weighing of deeds), reckoning, Paradise, Hell, and other things related to the Last Day.

Allah Almighty says: {Indeed, We created everything with predestination.} [Ch. 54, Verse 49]

• We believe that every worldly event or situation experienced by any creature occurs by the knowledge and predestination of Allah alone without any partner and that those predestinations were written before the creation of mankind. We also believe that man has free will and he is the real doer of his actions, but all of that is not beyond the knowledge and will of Allah.

Belief in Preordainment is of four levels : 

• First
  

  Belief in Allah’s Knowledge that encompasses everything.

   

• Second

  Belief that Allah wrote all that will exist until the Day of Judgment.

   

• ThirdBelief in Allah’s executive Will and His Omnipotence. Whatever He wills occurs, and whatever He does not will never occurs.
• FourthBelief that Allah is the Creator of everything and that He has no partner in His creation.

Washing the two hands up to the wrists.

Rinsing the mouth (Madmadah)

Rinsing the mouth: means to let water into the mouth and swirl it inside then spit it out.

Sniffing water into the nostrils (Istinshāq)

Istinshāq: Sniffing water deep into the nose.

Istinthār: Blowing mucus and the like from the nose.

Washing the face

Face boundaries:

The face: the part of the body with which "facing" is achieved.

Facial boundary widthwise: from one ear to the other ear.

Facial boundary lengthwise: from the usual hairline on the forehead down to the end of the chin.

Washing the face includes everything on it, such as thin hair and also the sideburns, and the area between it and the earlobe.

Also the sideburns and the area between it and the earlobe.

Washing the face also includes all the visible heavy hair of the beard and what extends from it.

Washing the face includes any facial hair and sideburns [Al-Eadhar] up to the edge of the ears [Al-Baiad].

Al-Eadhar (sideburns): are facial hair grown on the sides of the face, extending from the hairline to run parallel to or beyond the ears.

Al-Baiad: is the area between sideburns and earlobes.

Washing the face also includes the outer surface of thick hair (beard) and however far it extends.

Washing the hands

starting from the fingertips up to the elbows.
Washing the elbows is included in the obligatory washing of the hands.

Passing the wet hands over the head and the ears once.

One starts at the hairline and moves his hands back to the nape and then back.

He then inserts his index fingers inside his ears

while passing his thumbs over the back of his ears, thus wiping the front and back of the ear.

Washing the feet

from the toes up to the ankles, given that washing the ankles is included in the obligatory washing of the feet.
The ankles are the protruding bones at the bottom of the leg.

Nullifiers of Ablution :

• 1 

  Excretions from the frontal or anal passages such as urine, feces, wind, semen, and pre-ejaculatory fluid.

   

• 2 

  Loss of consciousness due to deep sleep, fainting, drunkenness, or insanity.

   

• 3 Everything that requires Ghusl, like Janābah (ritual impurity), menstruation, and postpartum period.

If someone wants to relieve himself (herself), then he (she) should clean away whatever has been passed from the urethra or anus with clean water (preferred) or using toilet paper and other clean implements like stones. Any clean appliance that can be used in addition to water (should be repeated three times or more).

Permissible time limit for wiping:
For non-travelers: one day and one night (24 hours).
For travelers: three days and three nights (72 hours).
The permissible time limit for wiping over the socks or Khuffs begins from the first such wiping after breaking one's Wudū'

How to wipe over the socks or Khuffs:

• 1 Get your hands wet.
• 2 Pass your hand over the foot (from the toe to the shin).
• 3 The right foot is wiped with the right hand and the left foot with the left hand.

What makes the wiping invalid:

• 1 What makes Ghusl obligatory.
• 2 

  The expiration of the fixed time limit for wiping.

   

The person in a state of Janābah (major ritual impurity) is not allowed to do the following until he makes Ghusl :

• 1 Praying.
• 2 Circumambulating the Ka‘bah (Tawāf).
• 3 Staying in the Masjid (mosque), but he may only pass without staying therein.
• 4 Touching the Mus-haf (bound copy of the Qur’an).
• 5 Reciting the Qur’an.

Tayammum is nullified by :

• 1 Whatever nullifies ablution also nullifies Tayammum.
• 1 If water is found before starting the worship for which the Tayammum was made.
  
  

I raise my hands to the level of my shoulders and say “Allahu Akbar” (Allah is the Most Great) with the intention of beginning the prayer.

: I say an opening Du‘ā’ (supplication) as reported from the Prophet (Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him). One of the opening supplications is the following: "Subhānak Allahumma wa bihamdika wa tabārak-asmuka wa ta‘āla jadduka, wa la ilaha ghayrak” (Glory and praise be to You O Allah. Blessed is Your Name and Exalted is Your Majesty, and there is none worthy of worship but You)

I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan, saying:"A‘ūzu billāhi min ash-shaytān ar-rajeem" (I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan)

: I read Surat al-Fātihah (Ch. 1 of the Qur’an) in every Rak‘ah (unit of the prayer):{In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful (1) Praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds (2) The Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful (3) Sovereign of the Day of Recompense (4) It is You Who we worship, and it is You Who we ask for help (5) Guide us to the straight path (6) The path of those upon whom You have .blessed, not of those who have evoked [Your] anger or of those who are astray (7)}

After al-Fātihah, I recite verses from the Qur’an (other than al-Fātihah) only in the first and second Rak‘ah. This recitation is not obligatory but doing it yields a great reward.

I say “Allahu Akbar” then I make Ruku‘ by bowing until my back is level, and my hands are on my knees with the fingers spread out, then I say while in Ruku‘ “Subhana rabbiy-al-azeem” (Glory is to my Lord, the Great).

: I rise from Ruku‘ while saying: “Sami‘ Allahu liman hamidah" (Allah hears the one who praises Him) and raising my hands to the level of my shoulders. When I stand straight, I say: "Rabbanā wa lak al-hamd” (Our Lord, and to You is all praise).

I say "Allahu Akbar" and prostrate on my hands, knees, feet, forehead, and nose, then I say while prostrating: "Subhāna rabbiy-al-a‘la” (Glory is to my Lord, the Most High).

I say “Allahu Akbar” and rise from the Sujūd (prostration) to sit with my back straight, sitting on my left foot and keeping my right foot erect, and say: "Rabbi ighfir lī” (My Lord, forgive my sins).

I say “Allahu Akbar” and prostrate again like the first time.

I rise from the Sujūd to stand up straight while saying “Allahu Akbar”, and I repeat the same steps in the remaining units of the prayer.

After the second prostration in the second Rak‘ah of Dhuhr, ‘Asr, Maghrib, and 'Isha’ prayers, I sit to say the first Tashahhud (testimony of faith) whose wording is as follows: "At-tahiyyātu lillah was-salawātu wat-tayyibāt, as-salāmu ‘alayka ayyuha an-nabi wa rahmatullah wa barakātuh, as-salāmu ‘alayna wa ‘ala ‘ibādillah as-sāliheen, ashhadu alla ilaha illa Allah wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasuluh” (All compliments, prayers, and pure words are due to Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous slaves of Allah. I bear witness that none has the right to be worshiped except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger). Then I stand up for the third Rak‘ah.

After the second prostration in the last Rak‘ah of every prayer, I sit to say the last Tashahhud whose wording is as follows (the first Tashahhud plus sending peace and prayers upon the Prophet): "At-tahiyyātu lillah was-salawātu wat-tayyibāt, as-salāmu ‘alayka ayyuha an-nabi wa rahmatullah wa baraāatuh, as-salāmu ‘alayna wa ‘ala ‘ibādillah as-sāliheen, ashhadu alla ilaha illa Allah wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasuluh. Allahumma salli ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala āli Muhammad kama sallayta ‘ala Ibrāheem wa ‘ala āli Ibrāheem, innaka hameedun majeed. Allahumma bārik ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala āli Muhammad kama bārakta ‘ala Ibrāheem wa ‘ala āli Ibrāheem, innaka hameedun majeed” (All compliments, prayers and pure words are due to Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous slaves of Allah. I bear witness that none has the right to be worshiped except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. O Allah, send prayers upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad as You sent prayers upon Abraham and upon the family of Abraham; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory. O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad as You sent blessings upon Abraham and upon the family of Abraham; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory).

I intend to conclude the prayer and turn my head to the right, saying: “As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa rahmatullāh” (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon you). Then I turn my head to the left, saying: “As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa rahmatullāh". Upon doing that, I have completed the performance of my prayer.